Would anybody like to comment on the questions I have asked at the end of this little blog:
Songlines and Mythic Narratives
Songlines underlie and inform lived experience via ritual practices, ceremonies, laws, dances and paintings. Various life stages are marked by initiation (pasage) rituals, which also inform and advise of rights and responsibilites.
Likewise, Chatwin (1987), in discussing songlines of indigenous Australians, describes their use of songlines as maps and tracks both to find one’s way and to assure social survival, which it is suggested apply to both material and spiritual contexts. Culture can be simply defined as how societies are maintained, and how culture shapes people’s views on life, creation naratives, meanings, social norms etc (Van Krieken et al, 2011,pp. 6-8) . Within and indigenous culture, for example the Tiwi Islanders of Northern Australia, Hart & Pilling (1960) advise that Tiwi culture is mainly ‘marked’ by mourning and initiation ceremonies and rituals as the “chief vehicle of Tiwi ritual” (Hart & Pilling, 1960, pp. 93-95).
“What are modern Australian songlines and mythic narratives”?
Australian is a society made up of many cultures, ie multiculturalism, and whilst many migrant groups within Australia practice and maintain their ‘country of birth’ cultures within the broader Australian culture (Van Krieken et al, 2010, pp. 272-278), what of ‘white Anglo-Saxon Australian’ culture? How is this passed on? However all societies, to survive, must have some forms of “passing on the accepted culture” or “socialising the young”. From a sociological viewpoint, Van Krieken et al (2011), contend that in Western 1st world societies, such culture is partly conveyed by the family, but more so by the education system. In both societies the young (14-24 yo Tiwi, 6-18yo Australia) are ‘virtually removed’ from the fuller society to learn the ‘culture’, before returning to their wider culture as ‘initiated’ adults.
As usual, further questions have arisen and remain to be answered. Western society values individuality, whereas traditional indigenous societies value a collective (non-individualist) culture. How is deviance, dissent and youth rebellion handled in indigenous collective cultures? What are the pros and cons of individualistic or collective societies? Which type of society would be choose to live in if given the choice? These questions will hopefully be addressed in further blogs.
Keith Saisell
References
Chatwin, B. (1987). Chapter 3, in Songlines (pp.11-15). London, England: Jonathon Cape.
Hart, C.W.M. & Pilling, A.R. (1960). Case Studies in Cultural Anthropology: The Tiwi of North Australia. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 385 Madison Ave, New York. (JCU Library Call No. 305.8991 HAR C.B)
Van Krieken, R., Habibis, D., Smith, P., Hutchins, B., Martin, G. & Maton, K. (2010) (4th Ed). Sociology. Sydney, Australia: Pearson Australia. (JCU Library Call No. 301.HAR T4 2010 C.C)